Objects

Zod · Reference cheat sheet

📋 Overview

z.object defines keyed shapes with required/optional fields, nested objects, and helpers for picking, omitting, extending, and strictness.

🔧 Core concepts

💡 Examples

Nested object:

const Address = z.object({
  city: z.string(),
  zip: z.string().min(3),
});

const Person = z.object({
  name: z.string(),
  address: Address,
});

Strict vs strip:

z.object({ id: z.string() }).strict().parse({ id: "1", extra: true });
// throws — unknown key

Pick / extend:

const User = z.object({
  id: z.string(),
  email: z.string().email(),
  password: z.string(),
});
const PublicUser = User.omit({ password: true });
const Admin = User.extend({ role: z.literal("admin") });

⚠️ Pitfalls

• Default object schemas strip unknown keys — fine for DTOs, surprising for proxies.
• .optional() on a field allows missing key; distinguish from .nullable().
• Deep partials need care — .partial() is shallow unless you build recursively.

🔗 Related

• primitives.md
• arrays_tuples.md
• infer_types.md
• transforms.md